Type-writing machine.



No. 871,281. PATENTED NOV. 19, 1907. w. P. KIDDER & o. W. SPONSBL.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED OUT. 20, 1900.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

' WIT-N58858:

PATENTED NOV. 19

W P KIDDER& G W SPONSEL TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED 00T.20, 1906.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITNESSES:

PATENTBD NOV. 19, 1907. W. P. KIDDER & G. W. SPONSEL.

TYPEWRITING MACHINE. APPLIIOATION FILED 001220, 1906.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 8,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WELLINGTON P. KIDDER, OF BOSTON, -MASSACHUSETTS, AND CHARLES'W. SPONSEL, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNORS TO PARKER MACHINE COMPANY, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 19, 1907.

Application filed October 20.1906. Serial No. 339.799.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, WELLINGTON P. KmDER and CHARLES W. SPONsEL, residing at Boston, in the county of Suffolk, State of Massachusetts, and Hartford, in the county 1 tains to make enclose the same.

This invention relates to typewriting machines, and more particularly to the feeding mechanism for the carriages thereof.

One of the objects of our lnvention Is to reduce to a minimum the production of 'noise incident to the operation of a typewriting machine.

Another ob ect 18 to prov1de a construction whereby the carriage, after a line is completed, may be returned to-commence a new line of writing without the usual disagreeable noise produced by the pawl and ratchet mechanism employed in some types of machines and without its bein necessary to throw the feed rack and the eed pinion out of engagement with each other during such return movement.

A'further object hereof is to" provide improved mechanism whereby the carriage may be moved backward or back spaced at will at any point in. a line of writing.

Other objects will be in' part obvious and part pointedout hereinafter.

' The inventionaccordingly consists in the 'featpres of construction, combinations of 1 elements and arrangement of parts which will be exemplified in the embodiment hereinafter set forth, and the scope of the application of ch will be indicated in the following-claims.

In the accompanying drawings, wherein is shown-one of various possible embodiments of my-inv'ention, Figure 1 is a view in side elevation, partly in section, showing one form of typewriting machine equipped therewith. Fig. 2 is a view in perspective showing certain of the operative parts of the machine. Fig. 3 is a top plan view partly in section showing adetail of construction. Fig. 4 is a similar'view showing the positions assumed by certain of the partswhile the car 'riage returned-to; initial position.

Fig. 5 is a view in elevation showing a detail of construction. Fig. 6' is a view in perspective showing the mechanism for back spacing the carriage. Fig. 7 is a view in elevation showing the escapement wheel and the back spacing pawl when the parts are in normal position. Fig. 8 is a similar view of the escapement mechanism.

Similar reference characters refer to similar parts throughout the several views of the drawings.

In order that'the important objects of our invention may be more readily grasped, it may here be noted that the clicking of pawl and ratchet mechanism, or the noise created by other escapement devices employed in connection with the feeding mechanism of carriages of typewriters, whenever they are returned .to begin a new line, isa constant. source of annoyance and especially is this the case in machines of the type herein shown wherein a substantially noiseless operation of the remainin operative mechanism of the machine has een secured, as a silent operation of the other mechanism renders any noise produced by the escapement mechanism more noticeable. We have therefore found it desirable to provide a construction wherein thecarriage, although the feed pinion thereof is constantly in mesh with the feed rack thereof, may be returned to its initial or line-commencing positionwithout the roduction of any noise whatever, or whereby the same may be readily set back one or more letter spaces at will, and it should be apparent from the following description in detail of the structural features which constituteour invention that we realize these-and other highly importantends through the pro vision of exceedingly simple and eflicient mechanism.

-. Referring now to the drawings, wherein one adaptation of our invention is shown applied to a noiselessly operating typewriter, 1 designates the framework of the machine, the upper portion of which carries a table or bed 2 across Which the type-carrying members, one of which is shown at 3, are

"adapted to be projected. The type-carrying members are suitably grouped upon bed 2 'so as to berojected against acommon point on the p aten, and each-of said typecarrying members is connected by means of a link 4 with suitableactuat'mg devices herelateral surface of ratchetwheel- 30.

1 n,s,nown as comprised bto le' mechanis'n. 5;." connectedb means 'o' moi-tr link fifwithi akey-lever 7 rumed'upon a rod 8 which extends transversely ofthe-machine and is fastened at eitherfend'inthe end walls there of. "'Aisuitable spring 8' is connected with each of the key levers and extends upward therefrom andis-connectedat its upperend, as at 9, with the..;fr'amework of 'tli'e machine, if: The platen "10 is shown in the presentinstance'as constituted by a bar or. plate 11 formed with aplanefi-mpressionsurface .12 and has its rear surface curved to correspon with .the curved periphery of the paper roll- 13--agai nst which 'sai platen normally rests. The paper roll is carried upon ashaft 14 lwhich'is' journaled 'at. either end in the platen frame 15,said platen frame bein'g'mounted' to" bej'shifted vertically in. ways. 16 provided in members. "117 "erected-upon either end of a yokej18; Yoke -18 rides upon astationary rail '19 mounted upon standards 20' erected upon the-framework ofthemachine and is urged to movement from right to left by the usual carriage propellingspring, not herein"; vshown. "1 1 w Pivotally mounted upon yoke. 18 :is the usual carriage feedrack 21, which may, ifde- "sired, berigidly connected with said yoke, so andgineshingwith this rack is .afeed pinion 22,-1'said ,feed pinion being loosely-carried upon a-shait 23 journaled at either end in suitable bearings provided in the frameworkof the machine,.as at 24 and 2 5 respectivel 35" Feed pinion 22 is provided with an upwar y extending hub 26 havinglfa flanged ortion 27' which carries a rigi y mounte 'st'u'd, shown the present instance as being conjstituted 'by a screw 28." .-.Upon this stud is' pivotally mounte'dn pawl 29which engages a ratchet Wheeljt30 fixedly mounted upon shaft 23 Immediately beneath ratchet wheel 30t-and encircling shaft 23 isa fr iction I washer 31 preferabl constructediof rawhide,

although any suita 1e frictiOn creating material may-be used in thisrel'ation, and on -.sh'aft 23 between this washer and the flanged ortion .27 of feed; 011 22, is interposed a, oose collar 32; -'T is 'colIar'is provided with a jo for notch 33 the walls of which take 'loosey about a tooth or lug 34 extending latenally from pawl 29, asclearly shown in 330i thedrawi s. Encircling shaft 23, and 'restingupo'na-s oulder- 35 formed'the'reonis an extensile spring 36' enga 'atits upper end feed inion 22.-and urging t e same in an upward ection' inpr'de to hold the flange portion27 in engagement with collar. 32 and me said collar aglains't washer 3 1-,-which th t 'e' turn is maintaine 1 inehgygement wi An esca ementwheel37 iszfixedly mounted 11 on s aft 23, and with'this -escapement whee cooperates a fixed holding dog 38 anda swinging feed dog 39-mount uppflrocker and ispacinglever's-andisconnected by means of a link or 'rod' lo with rocker arms 47 extend- 1 ing forwardly from 1'lnisrersal shaft/45 The parts next above described-are maintained-in the position shown in Fi 2, with "the feed-dog 39 in engagement witifescape- "ment wheel 37 and i normally restraining a rotative movement thereof, by means-of a retractile'spring 48 connected with arm 42 of s'haft 41andalso connected with'la-fixed part,

of the machine at 49. x .In order to secure a substantially noiseless operation of the escapement mechanism during the letter feeding movement of thefcarriage, we p'ivotoup'on a stud -screw 50, threaded into'rocker member 40', a wiper cam'51. Feed dog 39 is forced by escapement wheel 37 against wiper-cam 51,, as shown in Fig. 7 9.5,-- of the drawings, said cam, whentin the position shown, constituting :a, stop which, through -said dog, restrains theescapement wheel againstrotative movement,'to which it is constantly urged by the power-driven carriage Cam 51 is connected, by means of re tractilespring '52,-with'-sh 'aft 41 and is urged to pivotal movement thereby in a direction contrary to that urged by feed dog 39, and I when rocker,memberAO is rocked to carry theholding dog 38 into engagement with a tooth of the escapernent wheel, as when it is desired; to afford afeed'oi theQ arriage in the letter sp'acipgdirection, spring 52, through cam 51, swings dog 39 against a-cushioned stop 53in position to engage with the oncoming tooth of the escap'ernenfwh'eeh. During the letter spacing-movement of the carriage, which is'p'erm-itted by theengagement of dog 39 -with such preceding'tooth of the escape- 'ment'wheel, as when rocker member 40 is rocked to effect such engagement, said escapement wheel-will force feed dog39 against wiperc'am 51,,whieh will swing up'on'its pivot tothe position shown in Fig. 7 of the draw.- ings against the tension of spring 52 and thus effect a silentarresting of said feed dog. In 'asmuch as the curved surface of the cam is at all times in contact with feed'dog 39, no conf mission or impact of the moving parts occurs the swinging movement of said dog is yieldingly' opposed and finally. arrested in a silent manner, as when :the cam is swung to the position shown in the drawings.

fin order to effect a step by step backward 130 position against the influence of its propelling spring. Pawl 54 is pivotally mounted upon a stud screw 55, carried upon an-arm 56 which extends from a collar 57 mounted loosely upon shaft 23 beneath the escapement wheel and said pawl is provided with a curved extensionortail piece 58 which is adapted to' be engaged by a post 59 extending upwardly from the framework of the machine and held normally thereby out of the path of the teeth of the escapement wheel. .When the parts are in normal position, pawl 54 is urged toward escapement wheel 37 by means of a retractile spring 60, which connects the same with a projection extending fronrcollar 57 so that when arm 56 of said collar is swung, as by means of a link 61 which is pivotally connected therewith, re-

tr'actile spring 60 will carry the pawl into ongagementwith a tooth of the escapement wheel, the curved surface of extension 58 of said pawl ridingalong post '59 to such swinging movement. Link 61 is connected, by means of stud-screw 62, with arm 63 of a bell-crank lever 64 which is pivotally.

- mbunted at '65 in the framework of the machine, the other arm 66 of said lever being connected by means of a link 67 with an arm 68 of a finger lever 69 journaled upon a rod 70 in the front portion of the framework of the machine. Arm 63 of said bell-crank lever is 'connected "with the framework as by means of a retractile spring 71, such spring:

operating to hold-the parts in theposition shown in Figs. 6 and 7 of the drawings, the pawl, as shown, being held out of the path of the teeth of the escapement wheel.

In order that feed dog 39 may clear the teeth ofthe escapement Wheel during the reverse rotation thereof, as when pawl 54 is actuated to-back-step the carriage, stop 53 is carried upon aswinging block 71" pivotally mounted upon stud screw 72 upon rocker member 410, said block being held in position to'enable stop 53 to arrest the normal swinging movement offeed dog'39 by means of an eXiieITSil. 'sp'iing72 interposed between said rockermember and an arm 73 which extends rearwardly from said block; It will be understood that this construction enables dog 39' to swing clear of the teeth of the escapement wheel and thus permit a reverse rota itio'n of-the escapement wheel. I

Having thus described the structural tea tures constituting this embodiment of my invention, the o )eration thereof may now be understood. iththe parts in the normal position shownin the drawings, pawl 29 will ermit 1 rested.

engage with one of the teeth of ratchet wheel 30, as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings, which will thereby be prevented from rotating inde endently of shaft 23 when the carriage is ,belng fed for letter'spacing. Shaft 23, carrying the escapement wheel 37, with which the swinging escapement do 39 normally engages, will, by means of pinion 22, which meshes with food rack 21 of the carriage,

maintain the carriage stationary at any pomt in its range ofmovement, through the abovedescribed train of mechanism, after each actuation of the escapement mechanism. When rocker member 40 is swung, as when a key lever or the spacing mechanism is actuated, this member will through feed dogs 38 and 39 afford a feed of the carriage under the influence of its driving spring in the usual manner. The escajmment wheel being free. to rotate through a distance equal to the space separating adjacent teeth, rack 21 turns pinion 22 which, through pawl 29 and ratchet wheel '30, compels arotative movement of shaft 23 and the escapement wheel thereon. The rotation of escapement wheel 37 swings dog 39, and such swinging movement causes cam 51 to swing upon its pivot to the position shown, where it silently arrests the pivotal movement of said dog and likewise the movement of the carriage through the interconnected train of mechanism above described. WVhen, however, the carriage is moved back toward its initial position, the

starting of such movement, as by the hand of the operator engaging the carriage, will, by means ofrack 21, first rotate feed-pinion 22 slightly, and pawl 29, which is carried by the flangedride bac ward in contact with the face of one of the teeth ofratch'et wheel 30. Collar 32, carried loosely upon shaft 23 and resting uponflanged portion 27 offeed pinion 22, will also tend to be rotated in a reverse direction, but such rotative movement will be frictionally resisted by means of the. engagement of said collar with the friction washer 31 interposed between the same and the lateralsurface of fatchet wheel 30. Inasmuch as a greater frictional resistance or drag will be effected between collar-32 and friction collar 1portion 2 7 of said feed pinion, will 31 than between said collar and the flanged portion'27 of feed pinion 22," the rotative movement. of collar 32 is momentarily ar- Lug 34 of awl 29 engaging the walls of dog 33 of col ar 32 will also be held momentari y against movement, but as the pivot of said pawl is carried by the flanged portion 27 of inion 22 and rotated therewith,

the pawl wil be tripped or swung from en gagement with the teeth of ratchet wheel 30 so as to clear the same while the feed pinion is being rotated in a reverse dlrection, the

outward swinging movement of-the pawl being limited by its engagement with a fixed 1,30 1

post 74. erected upon ilanged'portion 27.

understood that at whatever position the carriage is allowed to rest during such returning movement, the friction drag exerted upon collar 32 will'operate in a reverse direction, thereby, through the engagement of said collar with said pawl, swinging the same-into engagement with its ratchet wheel, thus holding the carriage in a stationary position. In case the operator should desire to backspace the carriage through any desired number of letter-space distances in order to carry the paper to a desired point for the insertion of a character, it is merely necessarytomlepress finger lever 69, which will, through the mechanism above described, cause pawl 54 to engage with the teeth of escapement wheel 37 and turn it in a reverse direction. reverse rotation of the escapement wheel likewise effects a turning of pinion 22 in a reverse direction,- and inasmuch as said pinionengages the feed rack on the carriage, thecarriage will be moved from left'to right, or in a direction contrary to its ordinary letter-f feeding movement through a distance of one letter space at each depression offinger key 69. During the reverse rotation of the escapement wheel, the yielding of block 71, as

when feed dog 39 is carried into engagement therewith, will permit said dog to clear the teeth of the ratchet wheel, and it will be understood that said pawlwill snap over the a backof each tooth ready to be engaged by the face thereof to again hold the carriage stationary with the cooperation of cam 51. Cam 5.1 as above described, follows the swinging movement of feed dog 39 and is 'always in frictional engagement therewith,

' thus arresting its movement in one'klirection' without impact or concussion and therefore silently; and said pawl is also arrested silently when swung in the opposite direction into position to engage the oncoming tooth of the escapement wheel by means of the cushioned stop 53.

It will thus be seen that we have provided mechanism wherein are realized, among others, all the objects and ends sought to be attained, such mechanism insuring that the carriage shall be fed in a letter spacing direction in an absolutely silent manner, and that the same maylikewise be returned to initial or line-commencing position. The mechanism This employed for moving thecarriage stepby step in a reverse direction is simple and e fective, and, moreover, is capable of operating in a substantially noiseless manner.

As many changes could be made in the above construction and many apparently widely different embodiments of ourinvention could be made without departing, from the scope thereof, we intend that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in alimitingsense.

We desire it also to be understood that the language used in the following claims is intended to cover all of the generic and specific features of the invention herein described and all statements of the scope of the invention, which, as a matter of language, might be said to fall therebetween.

Having described our invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is I 1. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the carriage of a rack carried thereby, a feed inion meshing with said rack, a shaft detacliabiy connected with said pinion, and means for automatically effecti a dis connection between said pinion and sa1d shaft while the carriage is being returned to initial position. I

2. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the carriage and its rack of a feedpinion meshing with said rack, a shaft carry ing said pinion, pawl and ratchet mechanism for effecting a connection between said pinion and said shaft, and means for automatically rendering said pawl and ratchet mechanism inoperative while the carriage is being returned to its line-commencing position. v a

3. In a typewriting machine, the combination with-the carriage and its rack of a feedpinion meshing with said'rack, a shaft carrying said pinion, apawl and a ratchet wheel which constitute a connecting means between said feed-pinion and said shaft, and means for effecting a disconnection between said pawl and said ratchet wheel during the return of the carriage towards initial position.

4. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the carria e' and its, rack of a feed pinion meshing wit .said'rack, a shaft for said pinion, a pawl and a ratchet wheel which normally co-act to effect a connection between said shaft and said pinion, and means for automatically efiecting a disconnection between said pawl and said ratchet wheel during the return of the carriage towards inisaidl'pinion with said shaft, and means for carrying the operative elements of said pawl and ratchet mechanism out of engagement With each other during the return of the carriage to initial position.

6. Ina typewriting machine, the combination with the carriage and its feed rack of a feed-pinion meshing with said feed rack, a shaft upon which said pinion is mounted, a pawl and ratchet mechanism which connects said pinion with said shaft, and means which becomes operative automatically during the return of the carriage towards initial position for preventing a clicking of said pawl and ratchet i'nechanism.

7 In a typewriting machine, the combination-with the carriage and its feed rack of a pinion meshing with said feed rack, a shaft upon which said pinion is mounted, a ratchet Wheel rigidly mounted upon said shaft, a pawl carried by said pinion which engages said ratchet wheel and thereby compels a rotation'of said shaft during the letter-feeding movement of the carriage, and means for disengaging said pawl from said ratchet wheel while the carriage is being returned to initial position. a

' 8. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the carriage and its feed rack of a pinion meshing with said feed rack, a shaft upon which said pinion is molunted, a ratchet wheel rigidly carried upon said shaft, apawl loosely carried by said pinion which engages said ratchet wheel and compels by such engagement a rotative movement of said shaft during the letter-feeding movement of the carriage, and means mounted upon said shaft adapted to carry said pawl from engagement with its ratchet wheel during the return of 40 the carriage to initial position.

' 9. In a typewriting machine, the combina tion with the carriage and its feed rack of a feed-pinion meshing with said feed rack, a shaft upon which said pinionis mounted, a ratchet wheel rigidly carried by said shaft, a pawl loosely carried by said pinion which normallyengages.said ratchet wheel and compels bysuch engagement a rotation thereof during the letter-feeding movement of the carriage, and means adapted to cause said pawlto run clear ofsaid ratchet wheel during the return movement of the carriage toward initial position.

"10. In a typewriting machine, the-combination with the carriage and its feed rack of a pinion meshing with said feed rack, a shaft upon which said pinion is carried, a ratchet wheel rigidly mounted upon said, shaft, a pawl loosely carried by said pinion which to normally engages said ratchet wheel and by such engagement compels a rotation of-said shaft during the letter-feeding movementlof the carriage, and means positively engaging said pawl which causes a disengagement thereof from said ratchet wheel during the during the letter-feedin movement of the carriage, a friction member upon said shaft and means positively engaging said pawl and having a frictional engagement with a friction member rigidly carried upon said shaft adapted for disengaging said pawl from said ratchet wheel while the carria e is moving backward-to a position to'begin a new line. I

12. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the carriage and its feed rack of a pinion meshing with said feed-rack, a shaft upon which said pinion is mounted, a ratchet wheel rigidly mounted upon said shaft, a pawl loosely carried by said pinion which normally engages said' ratchet wheel and thereby compels a rotation of said shaft during the letter-feeding movement of the carriage, and means positively engaging said pawl and frictionally engaging said ratchet wheel adapted for disengaging said lastnamed parts while the carriage is being n'ioved to its line-commencing position;

13. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the carriage and its feed rack of a pinion meshing with said feed rack, a shaft for said pinion, pawl and ratchet mechanism adapted to connect said pawl with said shaft, and compel their rotation in unison when the carriage is being fed for letterspacing, and a friction drag device for disconnecting the operative parts of said pawl and ratchet mechanism while the carriage is being returned to begin a new, line.

14. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the carriage and its feed rack of a pinion meshing with said feed rack, a shaft for said pinion, pawl and ratchetmechanism adapted to connect said pinion with said shaft and compel their rotation in unison while the carriage is being fed for letterspacing, and a friction drag device interpos'ed between said pawl and its ratchet which operates to cause one of said parts to run. clear of the other while the carriage is being returned to its line-commencing position.

15. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the carriage and its feed rackof a pinion meshing with said feed rack, a shaft for said pinion, pawl and ratchet mechanism adapted to connect said pinion with said shaft and compel their rotation in unison.

while the carriage is b 'ng fed for letterspacing, and a friction drag device which operates to carry said awl away from the ratchet while the carriage is being'returned to its line-commencing position. v

16. In a ty ewriting machine, the combination with t e carriage and its feed rack of a feed-pinion meshing with said rack, a shaft carrying saidpinion, a ratchet wheel fixed upon said shaft, a pawl pivotally connected with said pinion adapted to engage with said ratchet wheel and compel a rotation of said shaft during the letter-feeding movement of the carriage, and adevice upon said shaft which becomes operative through the reversing of the rotation of said pinion due to the returning of the carriage to initial position which swings said pawl from engagement with said ratchet wheel during such return movement of the carriage. f

17. In atypewriting machine, the .combi-' nation with the carriage and its feed rack-of a feed-pinion meshing with said feed rack, a shaft carrying said pinion, a ratchet wheel fixed upon said shaft, a pawl pivotally connected with said pinion adapted normally to enga e with said ratchet Wheel and compel a rotation of said shaft during the letter-feeding movement of the carriage, and a device upon said shaft having positive engagement with said awl which becomes automatically effective uring the. reversing of the rotation of said pinion due to the returning of the carriage to initial position which swings said pawl from engagement with said. ratchet wheel during such return movement of the carriage. 7

18. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the carriage and its feed rack of a feed-pinion meshing with said feed rack, a shaft carrying said pinion, a ratchet wheel fixed upon said shaft, a pawl pivotally connected with said pinion adapted normally to engage said ratchet wheel and compel a rotation of said shaft during the letter-feeding movement of the carriage, and a device having a frictional engagement with said ratchet wheel and a pbsitive engagement with said pawl which becomes operative through the reversing of the rotationof said pinion due to returning the carriage to initial position which automatically swings said pawl from engagement with said ratchet wheel-during such return movement of the carriage.

19. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the carriage and its feed rack,

of a feed-pinion meshing with said feed rack,

-a shaft oosely carrying said inic'i, an escapem'ent wheel rigidly mounte upon said. shaft, escapement mechanism co-acting with said escapement wheel, pawl and ratchet mechanism for normally connecting said shaft with said feed-pinion and compelling the rotative movement of said shaft when said pinion is driven to rotation by the movement of the carriage and movement thereof afforded by'the es'capement mechanism, and means for automatically rendering said pawl and ratchet mechanism inoperative and oompelling'the pawl to ride clear of 'its ratchet when said pinion is drivenvto rotation in an opposite direction by the returning ofthe carriage to initial position;

20.111 a typewriiing machine, the coml in'ation of a carriage, a feed rack mounted upon said carriage, a pinion meshing with pinion, an escapement wheel rigidly mounted upon said shaft, escapement devices adaptc-(l to co-act with said escapement wheel, pawl and ratchet mechanism for normally connecting said shaft with said feed-pinion and compelling a rotative movement of said shaft when said pinion is driven to rotation by the feeding movement of the carriage when such movement is afforded lz-y' said cscepement devices, and means which becomes ellbrtive through frictional engagement with said ratchet wheel and positive engagement with out of engagement with its ratchet wheel when said pinion is driven to rotation in an carriage to initial position.

21.,ln a typewriting machine, the combination of a power-driven carriage, escapement mechanism adapted for feeding the tality of a feed rack carried by the carriage, a feed-pinion meshing with said rack, a shaft u on which said pinion is loosely ieonnecting together pinion and said lshaft, an escapement wheel which co-acts for disengaging the pawl of said pawl and therebyv allowing said pinion to run free under the compulsion of the feed rack while the carriage. 1's heing returned to initial position.

22. In a t pewriting machine, the comlzination of a power-driven carriage having a feed rack, escapement mechanism adapted mentality of a shaft, an escapeinent wheel upon said shaft with which said (--S(il})(.lll(-lll, mechanism co-arts, a pinion upon said shaft meshing with the fee( rack-of the carriage, one of said. last-mentioned [elements being fixed upon said shaft, pawl and ratchet said feed rack, a shaft lo'osely carrying said said pawl adapted for carr ing said pawl' carriage and normally restraining the same against movement through the instrumenmo'unte pawl and ratchet mechanism for with said cscapement mechanism, and means ratchet mechanism from its ratchet andfor feeding the carriage through 'the instrumechanism for comieetingl-he other of said opposite direction by the returning of thellO -. feeding 'nienta it "for; throwingdthe operative I parts of said :ing

, feeding the carriage through the instrumen pawl and ratchet mechanism out of contact with each other while the carriage is partakof'said'return movement whereby the olickin of said parts is prevented. 23. n a typewriting machine, the com biriation of a power-driven carriage having a feed rack, escapement devices adapted for 'tality of a shaft, an escapement wheel upon said shaft with which the escapement devices cO-act, a pinion u on said shaft meshin with the feed rack of t e carriage, one of said lastl'mentioned elements being fixed to said shaft,

pawl and ratchet mechanism for detachablv connecting the other of said elements to said shaft Wherebywhen the escapement devices are-operated .said escapement wheel, shaft and pinion are rotated in unison under co1n-- :pulsn of the feeding movement of the car-' riage, the pawl and ratchet connection of one of said elements with said shaft enabling the escapement wheel to remain stationary while the carriage is being returned towards initial T position, and means for automatically throwing the operative parts of said pawl and ratchet mechanism out of engagement with -eachother.whilethe carriage 1s partaking of such return movement, thereby preventing a clickin of the pawl and ratchet mechanism. 24. n'a typewritlng machine, the combinat on of apower-driven carriage carrvmga ifeed rack, 'escapement mechanism adapted '-for feeding the carriage through the instruj'mentality-ofa shaft, an escapement wheel upon said shaft with which the escapement mechanism. co-acts, a pinion u on'said shaft meshing with the feed rack othe carriage,

one of said last-mentioned elementsbeing ifixed to said shaft, pawl and ratchetmechanism for connecting the other of said elements to said shaft whereby when the escapeinent mechanism ,is operated said *escapement Wheel, shaft and pinion are rotated in unison during the feeding "movement of the car- :riage, the awl and ratchet connection of one of said e ements with said shaft enabling tne escapementwheel .to' remain stationary while the carriage is-returning towards its lineecom'rnencing position, and means which becomes operative the instant the carriage is started uponits returnm'ovement ac apt-ed to the pawl of said pawl andv ratchet I c'arrg 'mec an sm', and-maintain said parts in'a disengaged condition while such return moveni'entis taking place, wherebv a clicking of said parts is prevented.

. 25. In atypewritinganachinathe combi- -natiorrof a power-driven carriage'having a feed rack, escapement devices adapted for the earria e through the instru y'of, asha t, an-escapement wheel upon said shaftwithwhich the esca ement devices co-act, a pinion upon sa'i which meshes with the-feedrack of the car 1 shaft 4 riage-,'-one of said last-mentioned elements being fixed to said shaft, pawl and ratchet nrechanismfor connecting the other of said elements to'said shaft wherebywhen the escapement mechanism is operated, said escapement wheel, shaftand pinion Will be retated in unison by means of the carriage, and means which becomes operative through frictional contact with certain of the above parts for throwing the pawl of said pawl and ratchet mechanism from engagement with menta lity of a shaft, an escap'ement wheel upon said shaft with which said escapeinent devices. co-act, apinion upon said shaft meshing with the feed rack of the carriage, pawl and ratchet mechanism for connecting said pinion; with said shaft, and meansfor disengaging the pawl bf said pawl and ratchet mechanism from its ratchet while the carriage is beingreturned to initial position.

27. In a' typewriting machine, the combination of a power-driven carriage having a feed rack, cscapement' devices adapted for feedin the carriage through the instrumenta ity of a shaft, an escapement wheel upon said shaft with which the cscapemcnt devices co-act, a pinion mountednpon said shaft which meshes with the feed rack of the carriage, a ratchet wheel carried by. said shaft, a pawl carried by said pinion, said pawl and said ratchet wheel being normally engaged during the feeding movement of tho ting machine, the combicarriage afforded by the 'escapemcntde vices, and means interposed between said pinion and said ratchet wheel adapted. to

throw said pawl from engagement with said-- ratchet wheel while the carriage is being i c'- turned toward its line-con'nn'cncing position, said means being also adapted to rc-cngage said pawl with said ratchet wheel when said line-commencing position is reached.

28. In a typewriting machine, thecombination ofla power-driven (arrange having a feed rack, escapement dcviccsadaptcd for feedin the carriage through the instrumentality of a shaft, an cscapcment wheel rigidly mounted upon said shaft with which theescapcment devices co-act, a pinion upon said shaft, a ratchet wheel carried by said shaft, apawl carried by said pinion ada ted normallv. to engage with said ratchet w eel, and means interposed between said pinion and said ratchet wheel adapted by frictional engagement .with one or bothof-said parts-to automatically disengage saidpawl from said wheel is afforded by vthe escapement nrechanism but permitting the pinion to rotate independently of the escapement-wheel while the carriage 1s being returned to initial position, and means for disconnecting the operative parts of the pawl and ratchetmechanism so that the pawl will run clear of the ratchet while such return movement of the carriage is taking place, said means beingalso adapted to re-engagesai'd pawl with said ratchet at the conclusion of said return movement, or

1 at any desired point in the return movement of said carriage.

30. In a typewriting machine,: the combination of a carriage andits feed rack, a feed.

pinion meshing with said feed rack, a shaft detachably connected with said pinion, and means for automatically effecting a discon nection between said pinion and said shaft while the carriageis being returned to initial position and for automatically effecting a reconnection of said parts at any point in the return movement of said carriage.

31. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the carriage, ofia rack carried thereby, a feed pinion meshing with said rack, a shaft carrying said feed pinion, pawl and ratchet mechanism for effecting a connection between said pinion and said shaft, and means for rendering said pawl and ratchet. mechanism inoperative while the carriage is being returned to initial position and for again rendering the same operative when such initial position has been reached.

nation with the carriage and itsrack, of'a 32. In a typewriting machine, the combifeed pinion meshing with said rack, a shaft carryin said pinion, pawl and ratchet mech' anism or effecting a connection between said pinion and said shaft, means for automatically rendering said pawl and ratchet mechanism inoperative while the carriage is being returned to its line-commencing posi tion, and means for again rendering the same operative when the carriage has reached said position.

33. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the carriage and its rack, of a feed pinion meshing with said rack, a shaft earrymg said pinion, a pawl and ratchet wheel which constitute a connecting means between saidIe'ed-pmion and said shaft, and

. means for effecting a disconnection between said pawl and said ratchet Wheel during the return of the carriage towards. initial pos1-' -tion, said means being also adapted to reachnect said pawland sald ratchet wheel at any a point in the return movement of the carriage,

or when said carriage has been returned to initial osition. a

, 34. nation with the carriageand its rack,- of a feed-pinion meshingwith said, rack, a shaft for said pinion, apawl and a ratchet wheel' which normally co-act to effect a connection between said shaft and said pinion, and.

a typewriting machine,-:the combimeans for automatically effectinga disconnection between said pawl and sa1d.ratchet wheel during the return of the carria et ward initial position for automatical y 'e fecting a reconnection between said parts when the carriage has reached-said initial position.

. 35. In nation with the carriage and its feed rack, of a pinion meshing with said rack, a shaft u on which said pinion is mounted, a rate et wheel rigidly mounted upon said shaft, a' pawl carried by said. pinion which engages. 'said ratchet wheel and thereby compels-a ro-.

tation of said shaft during the letter-feeding movement of the carriage, and means for automatically disengaging said pawl from'sald atypewriting machine, the c'ombiratchet wheel WhLle' the carriage is being returned towards initial position, said means being also adapted to re-engage Sflid' pawl with said ratchet wheel whenever the pressure exerted to return the carriage to Initial position isreleased from the carriage, 5

whether at initial position or at any other point in its return movement. I

36. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the carriage and its feed rack, of a pinion meshing with said feed rack, a shaft u on which said pinion is mounted, a ratchet w eel rigidly mounted upon said shaft, a: pawl loosely carried by said pinion WlllCh:

normally engages said ratchet wheel and thereby compels a rotation of said shaft during the letter-feeding movement of the carriage, and means positively engaging said pawl and frictionally engaging said ratchet wheel adapted for disengaging said lastnamed parts while the carriage is bein moved to its line-commencing position, sai

means also being adapted to re-engage said parts whenever the pressure which is belng exerted for returning the carriage to its linecommenclng position isreleased therefrom,

whether at such initial position or at any other point in its return movement. r i 37. In a typewriting machine, the comblnation .With the carriage and its feed rack, of a plnion meshing with said feed rack, a shaft for said pinion, pawl-and ratchet mechanism ada ted to connect said pinion with said sha t and compel'their rotation in'unison while the carriage is being fed for letter-spacing, and a friction drag device which operates to carry said turned to its line-commencing position, and

' which carries said pawl towards said ratchet wheel and engage the same therewith when such line commencing position has been reached.

' with said 'Inatically swings, said pawl into engagement 'withsaid ratchet wheel at whatever point the carriage, and a device which becomes operative through the reversing of the rotat on ofsaid pinion due to the returning of the carriage towards initial position which automatically swings saidpawl from engagement with said ratchet wheel during such return movement of the carriage, and which autothe carriage is arrested in such return movement. v v p 39. .In a typewr t ng machine-the comb1- nation with the carriage and its feed rack, of

a feed pinion meshing with said feed rack, a

shaft carrying said pinion, a ratchet wheel fixed upon said shaft, a pawl pivotally con nected'with said pinion adapted normally to tation of said shaft during the letter-feeding movement of the carriage, and a device having a frictional engagement with said ratchet wheel and a positive engagement with said pawl which becomes operative "through the reversing of the rotation of saidpinion due to the returning of the carriage to initial posltlon ,which automatically swings said pawl from engagement with said ratchet stopped in its return movement.

wheel during such return movement 'of the carriage, and which automatically swings said pawl into engagement with said ratchet at whatever point the carriage is whe 40. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the carriage and its feed rack, of a pinion meshing with said feed rack, a shaft for said pinion, an escapement wheel mounted upon 'said shaft, a ratchet wheel carried by said shaft,ia pawl carried by said inion and osf normally engaged with said rate iet wheel, and a member interposedbetween said pinion and said ratchet wheel and having a connection withsaid pawl adapted automatically to swing the same. from engagement with-said ratchet wheel, when' the carriage is moved towards its line-commencing position.

awl away from said ratchet wheel whlle t 1e carriage is being re engage said ratchet wheel and compel a ro--' 41. In a typewriting machine, the. combi,

nation of a carriage and its feed rack, a feed pinion meshing with said feed rack, a shaft upon which said pinion is loosely mounted, an escapement wheel upon. said shaft, a ratchet wheel carried by sa d shaft, a pawl carried by said pinion which normally engages said ratchet wheel, escapcment devices adapted to afford a feed of the carriage through the above-enumerated mechanism, and 'a friction member interposed between said pinion and said ratchet wheel which has a connection with said pawl adapted when the carriage is started upon its return movement to automatically swing said awl from engage ment with said ratchet w reel and maintain the same out ofengagement therewith while the carriage is being returned, but toreingage said pawl with said ratchet wheel at whatever point the carriage is arrested in such return movement. I p

42. In, a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage and its feed rack, a feed pinion meshing with said rack, a shaftupon which said feed pinion is loosely mounted,

carried by said feed pinion, a friction member interposed between said pinion and said ratchet wheel, means for yleldably holding said pinion in engagement with said memher, an escapement wheel; fixed upon said shaft, and escape ment devices co-acting with said escapement wheel to feed the carriage, said friction member when the carriage is being fed being adapted to maintain said a ratchet wheel carried by said shaft, a pawl I pawl in engagement with said ratchet wheel,

and to swing the same out of engagement therewith when the carriage is being returned towards its line-commencing position and to rengage said pawl with said ratchet wheel at whatever point said carriage is allowed to rest during such return movement.

43. In a typewriting machine, the combination wlth a ower-driven carriage and itsfeed rack, of a eed-pinion meshing with said rack, a shaft upon which said feed imon is loosely mounted, a ratchet wheel ixedly a s ring for urging the flanged portion.of-

.sai pinion into engagement with said fric;

,co-act with sai tion member and which holds said friction member in contact with said ratchet wheel,

an escapement'wheel fixedly mounted u on said shaft, esca ement devices adapte to escapement wheel for affording feed of the carriage, said friction member being adapted to engage with a portionof said pawl whereby said pawl ismaintained in engagement with said ratchet wheel during the movement of the carriage in a letter-spacing direction, and being also rection of its feed, an escapement wheel adapted to be rotated in either direction to eflect a step-by-step movement of the carriage in either direction, a rocker member, escapement devices including a holding dog and a feed dog mounted uponsaid rocker member, a wiper cam cooperating with said feed dog to raise the same-when the escapement wheel is permitted to rotate to feed the carriage in one direction and to swing the same into position to engage the oncoming toothof the escapement wheel, a movable stop for arresting [the movement of said feed dog in said last-mentioned position, said last-mentioned stop being adapted to swing with said feed dog whereby said feeddog will ride over the teeth of the escapement wheel when the same is rotated .in a

reverse direction to baclestep the carriage,

and means cooperating with said escape I ment wheel for rotating the same in such reverse direction.

45. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage power-driven in the direction of its feed, an escapement wheel adapted to be rotated in either direction to efiect a step-by-step movement of the carriage in either direction, escapement devices comprising a holding dog and'a feed dog which cooperate with said escapement wheel to afford a feed ofv the carriage in one direction, a rocker member carrying said escapement devices a wipercam carried by said rocker member and cooperating with said feed'dog to arrest the movement of saiddog when the same swings in one direction and to swing the same into position to engage the oncoming tooth of the escape ment wheel, a cushioned stop for arresting the movement of said dog in said last-mentioned position, said stop being adapted to swing with said feed dog whereby said dog,

will ride over the teeth of said escapement wheel when the same is rotated in a reverse direction to back-stepthe carriage, a pawl cooperating with the escapementwheel to rotate the same in a reverse direction, and means for operating said pawl from the ke -board.

n testimony whereof we affix our signatures, in the resence of two witnesses:

W LLINGTON. P. KIDDER. CHARLES W. SPONSEL. Witnesses as to W. P. K.:

JOHN BALLANTYNE, ARTHUR F. HALL.- Witnesses asto said Sponsel: HARRY R. WILLIAMS, A. J. WsLLEs. 

